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How to grow sweetcorn
- BBC Gardeners' World Magazine
Published: Sunday, 5 May 2019 at 10:34 am
Learn how to grow delicious sweetcorn, in this detailed, practical Grow Guide.
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Average Yield:
6-9 cobs per sq m
Spacing:
45 apart
45 between rows
Depth:
1
Home-grown sweetcorn cooked within minutes of picking – or even eaten raw – is simply the sweetest and juiciest sweetcorn you’ll ever taste. A favourite allotment crop, its statuesque, leafy structure and easy-to-grow nature make it great to plant in bold blocks in your borders, or as a productive screen to divide up areas of your vegetable plot.
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How to grow sweetcorn
Sow sweetcorn seed in small pots or modules in late spring and plant out into rich, moist soil in a sunny spot, when all risk of frost is passed. Sweetcorn is wind pollinated so plant in blocks, rather than rows. Water plants regularly, and consider mulching around the base of each plant to lock moisture into the soil. Harvest the sweetcorn cobs when the silky tassels turn brown and the kernels, when pressed with a thumbnail, exude a milky liquid. Twist the cobs to remove them from the main stem. Eat as soon after harvesting as possible, for the sweetest taste.
How to sow and plant out sweetcorn
Planting sweetcorn seeds in pots
Sweetcorn is a tender plant, so choose a sunny, sheltered spot for it. Ideally, you should have dug in lots of well-rotted garden compost the previous autumn to feed the soil.
In April or May, sow seeds in pots filled with good quality compost. Sweetcorn seedlings hate root disturbance so it's best to give each seed it's own pot. Water well, then place on a warm, sunny windowsill or in a greenhouse to germinate.
Once all danger of frost is over, harden off the young plants by putting them outdoors during the day for a week or so to acclimatise them to cooler outdoor conditions. Plant sweetcorn outside in a warm, sunny, sheltered spot, spacing plants in a grid at least 45cm apart. As sweetcorn is wind pollinated, plants must be grown in a large block (perhaps 4x4 or 5x5) rather than a single row. Try planting sweetcorn with courgettes, which thrive in the same conditions.
In this video guide, Monty Don pots up sweetcorn seedlings sown earlier in the year, explaining the right compost mix to use and where to grow them:
How to care for sweetcorn
Water plants regularly, especially during dry spells, as sweetcorn uses a lot of water due to the large leaf area of each plant. Spread mulch around the base of the plants to keep the roots cool and moist. In windy weather, plants may loosen in the ground, so build soil up around the stem bases to stabilise them.
Growing sweetcorn: problem solving
Protect sweetcorn plants from mice, birds and slugs. Sweetcorn has shallow roots that are easily damaged by hoeing.
Harvesting sweetcorn
Each sweetcorn plant should produce one or two cobs. Sweetcorn cobs are ready to harvest when the silky tassels turn brown and the kernels, when pressed with a thumbnail, exude a milky liquid. Give cobs a sharp twist to remove. Pick moments before using, because the sugars start converting to starch the minute you harvest them. Supersweet varieties, however, will stay sweeter for a couple of days.
In this short video clip from Gardeners' World, Monty Don explains how to tell when sweetcorn is ripe and ready to harvest:
How to prepare and use sweetcorn
Strip away the husks and silky tassels and snap off the stalk. Steam, microwave or barbecue the cobs until al- dente and dot with butter.
How to store sweetcorn
It seems a shame to strip the kernels from the cobs so, instead, blanch them whole in boiling water for four minutes, drain them and then wrap in plastic bags and freeze.
Keep sweetcorn sweet
If you're growing a Supersweet variety, position the plants as far from other sweetcorn varieties as possible, otherwise they may cross-pollinate and the sweetness of the crop will reduce. Ideally, just grow one variety at a time on your veg plot or allotment.
Great sweetcorn varieties to grow
Golden-yellow kernels of fresh sweetcorn
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- ‘Earlybird’ – earliest maturing Supersweet variety, it has good tolerance of cold soil
- ‘Lark' – a Tendersweet variety for superior sweetness, with softer, less chewy kernels
- ‘Mirai Bicolour’ – the cobs have white and yellow kernels
- ‘Rising Sun’ – delicious Supersweet cobs on very vigorous plants, it's reliable even in poor summers
- ‘Swift’ – early-maturing, extra tender Supersweet variety, dwarf habit. It will cope with cold soil
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